Door lock



April 20, 1937.

DOOR LOCK 2 SheetsSheet 1 Filed July 23, 1935 a J w a W m 9 w a, W M J 37 f 2 m a? 9 h 4 w. H r 5 f i 3 ma A 4 a )2 y y 7 W w Q w a VA [a L a 4 v7 J 4 7 w d 4 W 1.. J. WHITNEY 2,077,728

DOOR LOCK Filed July 25, 1 935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 20, 1937.

UNlTED STTES PATENT OFFICE noon LOCK Lewis 5. Whitney, Springville, Utah Application July 23, 1935, Serial No. 32,817

23 Claims.

This invention relates to locks and more particularly locks for closures and the like operable from either side of the closure for effecting securing thereof in closed position and when unlocked, permitting of side.

manual release from either The present invention contemplates the provision of a simple, ple yet uncumbersome, e

asing and attractive, durable asily assembled and mounted locking construction eliminating the necessity of specialized installation such as by an expert lock smith. The arrangement and assembly are such as to require several simple operations which are commonly familiar to the average layman, as will be more readily apparent from the detailed description.

Another salient feature of the present inven tion resides in the provision of a simply and easily controlled structure which may be quickly manually brought to locki ng or obstructing condition from either side of the closure and which may be readily manually released from such condition from the inner side of the closure by a simple operation and from the outside by an uninvolved key actuation.

A further feature of this invention lies in the provision of a lock 0 bodying an uncomp ontrolling arrangement emlicated elemental structure requiring for rendering it effective and ineffective only a simple manu al unidirectional movement either manually or through the medium of an implement preferably in the form of a key.

Still another important feature of this invention resides in the provision of an obstructing arrangement embodying tumbler features readily lending themselves to facile variations in operation requirement whereby they are readily adaptable to varying contr olling implement or key bitting arrangements or combinations especially for h accommodation to a series of locking structures desired to be operated by a single implement or key.

Other and further aims and advantages will proper key;

Fig, '2 is a fragmen tary section similar to Fig. 1

showing the parts in unlocked or undog'ged condition whereby the latching bolt may be manually operated from either side;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation section taken substantially along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of the spindle), tumbler and rollback assembly;

Fig. 5 is a section taken-along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the tumbler setting sleeve arranged to be responsive to manual operation from the inner closure side to effect undogging or release of the locking structure;

Fig. 7 is a section taken along the line 1-1 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section taken along the line 8-8 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a face view of the strike or keeper; and

Fig. 10 illustrates an operating implement or key partly in section.

Referring now in greater detail to the drawings, I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention as applied to a closure such as a door I 5 adapted to abut a jamb I2 of a suitable frame applied in an opening in wall IS. A look case plate IQ is applied to the inner face of the door I I, there being provided in the door and extending thereinto a suitable square mortise I5 terminating at the free swinging edge of the door in a somewhat deeper, preferably circular mortise l6 accommodating a somewhat thickened end plate bolt guide or sleeve I'I extending laterally from case plate l4. End' plate bolt guide l'I receives and guides therein the head I8 of a reciprocating latching bolt I9 maintained in sliding engagement with the inner face of case plate M at its inner end adjacent its tail by an angular guide plate 20, the base 2| of which is suitably secured to the inner face of the plate I4 as by means of screws 22 with its flange 23 passing through a longitudinal slot 24 dividing the tail of bolt l9 into two furcations 25 and 26 terminating in angularly disposed sections 21 and 28, respectively each formed with a laterally directed terminal flange 29 and 30, respectively directed away from plate l4. Flange 23 is of T configuration with the head portion thereof overlying furcations 25 and 26 to cooperate with sleeve I! in maintaining the tail of the bolt I9 in sliding contact with plate l4. Sections 21 and 28 are each also provided with bosses or projections 3| and 32 respectively laterally directed away from plate M and acting as stop abutments for a purpose to be more specifically hereinafter described.

sliding bearing support through an opening 39 provided for this purpose in flange 23 of guide plate 2!]. Strip 38 is threaded through a coil spring which serves to normally urge bolt [9' to projected condition, the spring being under compression between stationary flange 23 and" 'Wall 36 of the bolt head. Adjacent its forwardend, strip 38 is bent to provide a substantially V- shaped end the terminus 4| of which passes through an opening 42 in end portion 33 adjacent the .camming wall 34, the extreme end of terminus 4| being normally held in retracted condi tion within: the outer face of portion 33 by a coil spring 43threa-ded on the strip having one end abutting the inner face of portion 33 with the other end engaging the crotch or apex of the V formed in the strip. Openings 3'! and 42 are enlargedto permit of. lateral play of the strip portions passing therethrough for a purpose which will'be pointed out hereinafter.

Plate 14 is provided with an integral outwardly extending cylindrical boss 44 formed with an inwardly directed end flange 45, the inner periphery'of which loosely receives and provides a bearing for a sleeve 45 extending beyond both sides of plate l4 and formed at one end with an outwardly directed annular flange 4'! enlarged to one n) side to provide a rollback part having two wings 48 and 49 adapted to engage with flanges 29 and respectively of bolt IS. A coil spring 5!] surrounds sleeve 46 and has one end seated against flange with the other engaging flange 4'! to normallyurge sleeve 46 inwardly with respect to plate I4. To accommodate the consequent inwardmost disposition of rollback wings 48 and 49,flanges 29 and 30 are of substantial lengths as may be readily seen in Figures 1 and 2.

Disposed-v within. sleeve 46 and extending through to beyond the outer face of door ii is a preferably cylindrical 'knob shaftor spindle 5! which is suitably secured to sleeve 46 by a setscrew 52 passing through a reduced neck or flange 55 53 of a hollow cylindrical knob 54. Knob shaft 5| is formed with an axial bore extending inwardly for approximately half its length, such bore receiving a rod 56 the inner end of which has a cross-rod or pin 51 threaded therethrough which 30 can be axially reciprocated relative to spindle 5! in a transverse slot 58. The outer end of rod 58 (the end disposed beyond the inner face of door I l) is provided with a reduced portion receiving thereon a convex based cup 59 secured thereto by riveting or peening of the protruding end of rod 56 as at 60. A coil spring 6| is disposed between the base of cup 59 and the end of spindle 5| ,thereby normally urging rod 56 together with pin 5'! inwardly relative to shaft 5!.

The outwardly directed end of spindle 5| is formed with an inward axial key receiving bore 62 which terminates short of the transverse slot 58 defining therewith a separating wall 63 having a reduced threaded axial bore receiving and threadedly retaining an outwardly directed axial key guiding pin 64, the outer end of which is prefer' ably disposed a substantial distance inwardly of the outer end of key receiving bore 62 so as not to be readily distinguishable from the outside. Spindle 5! is formed with an external reduced portion at its extreme outer end for a purpose to be explained.

Seated in a transverse bore provided in door I I in substantial alignment with boss 44 is a lining sleeve 65 formed at its inner end with a flange 66 abutting the wall of mortise l5 adjacent the sleeve receiving bore, a portion of flange 66 having integrally formed therewith a laterally projecting stop or spacing extension 51, the length of which may be varied depending upon the thickness of the door and which, for the purpose of preventing marring of the inner door face, abuts the plate M. The outer end of sleeve 65 is formed with a substantial inward flange 68, the bore of which receives a rotatable sleeve 69 having an enlarged inner peripheral flange l5 shaped to accommodate-itself for self-centering engagement with sleeve'65 and its flange 68,- the outer end of sleeve 69'protruding'beyond flange 68 and slidably supporting the outer'end of spindle 5! in its bore or internal periphery. Spacing extension 6'! may be of one standard length for all doors in order to assure of maintenance-of a uniform distance'from flange 68 to plate i4 thereby providing for accurate-adjustment of the key assembly and eliminating the risk of otherwise possible misassembly. The passage of sleeve 65 through the door and for a substantial distance beyond the outer-face thereof provides for doors'of varying thicknesses. Experience indicates that at the present time approximately of doors employed in dwellings are 1%" through at the stile. Thus only a slight extension of sleeve 65 beyond this standard thickness will readily accommodate the'structure to slightly thinner or thicker doors without variation ofthesize of parts. Of course, larger doors such as those employed in oflice. buildings, schoolhouses, etc., may be readily provided for by larger lock-structures inasmuch as all parts will require proportional enlargement. The protruding portion of sleeve 69 receives thereon an axial flange l! *of an outer hollow cylindrical knob 12 having a reduced bore'l3 having a sliding fit upon the external periphery of the extreme outer end of spindle 5E. The spindle 5! has Y a sliding fit with sleeve 69 and is provided with diametrically opposed longitudinal grooves 55 to accommodate'and slidably receive the heads of pins 14. The shanks or stems of these pins extend through radial bores in sleeve 69 and flange ll of knob 72, thus providing a rotary driving connection between spindle 5| andknob '22. Assembly of sleeve 69,'pins l4 and knob "12 may be readily accomplished by making one of grooves 55 slightly longer than the other. Thus sleeve 69 and knob l2 are united for simultaneous rotation at thesame time axial movement of knob 12 is restrained by the opposed abutment of the ends of flanges ll! and l i of sleeve and knob, respectively. Flange 10 of sleeve 69 is concentrically axially grooved at 75, the reason for which will follow.

Thus far, it will be noted that by virtue of thearrangement described, spindle 5! may be axially translated or reciprocatedmelative to plate l4 and sleeve 65 with its associated sleeve 69 and knob l2, while it may be rotated by either inner knob 54 or outer knob-l2. Obviously, the rollback and all internal parts of spindle 5i will ro-- tate and reciprocate therewith.

Upon the periphery of spindle 5| adjacent flange, there is disposed a ring 16 formed of a strength aboutthe securing screws 90 and protube of springy metal, the ring having a plurality (six being illustrated in the preferred form although this number may be varied at will) of longitudinally extending coaxially arranged fingers 11 each being preferably bent radially outwardly adjacent ring 18, thence extending axially along spindle 5| to a point adjacent its outward end, whence its is bent inwardly at 18 and again axially, (see Fig. 4), the extreme end portion being inclined toward spindle. 5| and, as shown in Fig. 1, terminating in abutting relation with the inner end flange of sleeve 69 defining groove 15. These fingers are set to have their extreme ends normally seek a position in abutment with the periphery of spindle 5|. Each finger 11 carries thereon a radially inwardly extending pin 19 which'is preferably adjustably secured thereto by a screw 88 (see Fig. 2), whereby its position, with respect to its finger may be varied in a radial direction relative to spindle 5 The screws may be rotatably but not reciprocably mounted in each finger while the pins 19 may have tight threaded fits with their respective screws to maintain any adjusted position to which they may be set. To provide for ready adjustability of the pins, they may be appropriately non-rotatably guided in their respective bores in any suitable or preferred manner. Obviously, any suitable converse arrangement for accomplishing the same purpose may be employed. Each pin 19 extends inwardly sufficiently to have its inner end disposed in the key bore 62 so that pressure imposed upon such inner end will tend to spring the associated spring finger TI radially outwardly away from the periphery of spindle 5|. The pins are preferably arranged in axially staggered relation although this may be varied at will so as not to be in radial alignment. Ring 15 is suitably secured to spindle 5| as by set screws 8| so as to revolve with such spindle. Disposed also upon the periphery of spindle 5| and slightly in advance outwardly of ring 16 is a sleeve 82, the inner end of which is anchored to rod 59 by the cross-pin 51 whereby it may be axially reciprocated with rod 56 relative to spindle 5|. Sleeve 82 is seated upon spindle 5| between the bowed, spaced away portions of fingers TI and is formed with axial slots 83 for the accommodation therethrough for relative radial and axial reciprocation of pins 19, the slots being of sufficient lengths to accommodate the aforementioned axial staggered arrangement of the pins. At its outer end, sleeve 82 is formed with a beveled flange 84, as best seen in Fig. 6, which may be engaged under the bent portions 18 of fingers 11 upon relative axial outward reciprocation of sleeve 82, thus flexing the outer inwardly offset ends of the fingers radially away from spindle 5|. Since rod 56 is normally urged inwardly by spring 6 sleeve 82 will normally be held in inward disposition by the abutment of pin 51 with the inner end wall of slot 58.

The extreme outer end of spindle 5| is made concave at 85 so that in the locked condition thereof, as shown in Fig. 1, it will, present a smooth coincident face with and conform to the inner face 86 of the radial flange of knob 12 for a purpose hereinafter explained.

An escutcheon plate 81 is suitably secured to the outer face of door H and is disposed to embrace sleeve 65 more or less snugly.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1, 8 and 9, I provide a keeper or strike plate 88 formed of a plate providing two lobes orears 99 for added vided with a bolt receiving recess 9| and a bolt camming surface portion 92 to engage the bolt and reciprocate it to retracted position upon slamming of the door I Strike plate 88 is preferably secured to jamb I2 at the outward end of a mortise 93 of sufiicient depth to accommodate bolt head IS in the extended latching position thereof and also a plate 94 of some suitable insulating material pivotally connected to the inner face of the strike plate by a hinge 95 adjacent the bolt engaging edge of the strike plate opening 9|, this plate having adjacent the free swinging edge thereof and extending therethrough from the under side to the upper .side, the rivetedvends of a wire loop 98. Hinge 95 is preferably of the spring type normally urging plate 94 to a position toward opening 91. Loop 98 is adapted to overly and, under hereinafter mentioned conditions, to engage and connect electrical contacts 99 connected by suitable electrical leads I99 conforming to fire underwriters regulations to a suitable audible or visible or combined signal disposed at a convenient point in the abode of which door H is a part or to a remote watchmans, janitors or police signal station.

The key |0| I prefer to employ with the preferred embodiment disclosed herein is in the form of a cylindrical sleeve |02 (see Fig. 10) the external diameter of which is suflicient to have a freely sliding fit with bore 52, one end of the key being provided with an internal thread I93 whereby the key may be suitably attached by threading to the non-writing end of a pen, pencil or the like. I prefer such attachment since these implements are generally carried in distinctive places such as vest or coat pockets or when carried in a purse are more readily distinguishable and more easily grasped as compared to the conventional flat key. The other end of the key is spun or swaged into graduated peripheral axially spaced ribs, ridges or steps suitably chosen to properly cooperate with pin 19 irrespective of the rotational angular disposition of key |0| relative to the spindle 5|. The operative or effective end of key Hi l is of course of sufficient internal diameter as to have a free sliding fit upon guide pin 64.

In operation, assuming the parts to be in the position in Fig. 2, with the extreme ends of fingers '57 disposed in groove 15, spring 50 reciprocates and retains spindle 5| in outwardly projected position whereby rollback wings 48 and 49 are disposed away from plate I 4. same time, the extreme outer end of spindle 5| will project beyond the inner flange face 86 of knob 12. In this position of the parts, outward projection of spindle 5| is limited by the abutment of flange 53 of knob 54 with flange 45 of boss 44. Thus rollback wings 48 and 49 while moved away from plate l4, are kept clear of flange 66 of sleeve 85 and yet in engagement with flanges 29 and 39 of bolt i9. In this condition, should either knob 54 or 12 be rotated in either direction of rotation, one or the other Should it now be desired to alter the latchingstructure to a locking function, it may be simply and easily accomplished by either (1) an axial At the immediately urge spindle 5| outwardly.

4 ment of a signal operating arrangement.

inward pulkupon knob 54 from the inner side of door II or (2) by pressure from the outer side of door H upon the concave end 85 of spindle'5l. In either case, spindle 5| is reciprocated inwardly causing the extreme outer ends of spring fingers 11 to be retracted from groove 15. Upon withdrawal of these fingers from groove 15, fingers Tlwill tend to seek and assume a position contacting the periphery of spindle 5i and when completely Withdrawn from groove 15 will be disposed in opposed relation to the inner flange of'sleeve 69 defining groove 15. Upon relief of pressure upon the exterior end of spindle 5! or' pull upon interior knob 5%, spring 53 will Since fingers ll are now in contact with the periphery of spindle 5!, the spindle will be retained in retracted position by the abutment of such fingers with the inner flange of sleeve 59 and the axial immobility of such sleeve. At this time, the forward uniting continuous edge of rollback Wings 48 and 49 will be in the position shown in Fig. l in close proximity to plate 14 and bolt W and in the path of reciprocation of and, therefore, in coplanar relation with bosses or projections 3i and 32 so that any rotative movement imposed upon either knob will be blocked due to the irreciprocability of bolt I5. Thus the outside knob is dogged against effective retraction ofthe bolt.

It is, ofcourse, obvious that in any practical embodiment, some lost motion will be found in the operating structure due to the requirement ofallowance for tolerable working clearances. It is my purpose to take advantage of such necessary clearances and resultant lost motion in the event excessive rotating force is applied to the knob 12 or an efiort is made to force the bolt back from the exterior by the insertion of a thin blade to engage the camming face 34 of bolt is in warning an occupant of the abode where the lock is employed or in warning a person at a remote point who may be charged with the protection of property, by the employ- As will be readily seen from Fig. 1, any material movement of bolt I9 rearwardly with the parts in dogged condition, will cause the rear end of strip 38 to abut the forward edge of the rollback thus causing strip 38 to remain stationary while bolt 19 is moved. The forward angled end 41 of strip 38 will now be engaged by the forward edge Wall 42 of the opening in wall 33 of the bolt head, causing the forward end of the strip to be cammed downwardly as viewed in Fig. 1. This will cause the thus projected end of strip 38 to engage plate 94 and swing it against the normal spring pressure of its hinge thereby placing loop 98 across contacts 99 whereby the signal circuit (not shown) will be closed. Upon relief of such excessive forces, the parts will again assume the position shown in Fig. 1.

If it is now desired to free the mechanism and to restore it to the condition of a purely latching structure, it may be accomplished from the interior by grasping the reduced portion of knob 54- between the fingers of the hand tending to pull the knob inwardly and imposing opposite pressure with the thumb upon cap 59 and stem or rod 56. This will cause sleeve 82 to reciprocate outwardly relative to spindle 5| whereupon the beveled flange 84' will engage fin gers T!" by camming against the under sides of bent portions 18 causing fiexion of the finger outer ends away from the periphery of spindle 5!. The flange 84 is ofcourse only of sufiicient depth to cause enough elevation of fingers 11 to clear the inner flange of sleeve 69 defining groove whereupon spring 50 will reciprocate spindle 5| outwardly until the outer ends of fingers (15 will abut the bottom wall of groove 15. The rollback will at this time be clear of projections or bosses 3| and 32 and the bolt may now be manually reciprocated from either knob.

Similarly, the change from looking to latching structure may be accomplished from the exterior by the insertion of key I0! into bore 62. the concave'face86 of knob 12 and the concave end 85 of spindlefil present an unbroken contour; i

it will be readily apparent that the insertion of the key into bore 62 involves only the engage ment by the key end of any portion of face86 or end 85 whence a gentle push will be sufiicient to cause the key to be guided into the key opening or bore. As the key proceeds further into key bore 52, the reduced end thereof is received upon the stem or guide 64. While this stem 6 is not necessary to the guidance of the key in bore 62 due to the concentric'fit of key and bore, it is desirable as a bar to the insertion of solid cylindrical picking rods of a diameter similar to or slightly smaller than bore 62 and provides a substantial displacement reducer of bore 62 so as to limit the available space to other picking tools adjacent the operating pins 19 thereby rendering tampering materially more difficult. As the key is driven home to the full depth of bore 62, pins 79 are radially displaced outwardly from bore 62' whereby spring fingers T! will be similarly displaced away from the periphery of spindle 5!. Such movement of fingers I! will remove the free ends thereof from abutting contact with the end of the inner flange of B9 defining groove 15. Upon the ends of the fingers clearing this flange and their alignment with groove 15, spring 5ilwill cause the spindle 5| to be axially reciprocated outwardly whereupon the mechanism will assume the relationship and arrangement illustrated in Fig. 2. It will be readily apparent from the above that only a simple translational movement involving very little efiort on the part of the authorized user, will effect quick and ready restoration of the parts to latching condition from looking condition. The key, having no other function than to displace pins 19, is thus materially simplified. It will be clear then that operation eifort or pressure required is reduced to a minimum.

I desire to further call attention to the fact that the arrangement disclosed permits of a large number of combination variations as follows (1) the thickness of the inner flange of sleeve 69 defining groove 75 may be substantially varied; (2) the pins (9 may be displaced radially relatively to fingers ll; (3) all fingers ShOllld preferably be in contact with the periphery of spindle 5| when the structure is in locked condition thus rendering the structure less liable to response of unauthorized manipulation by the insertion of picking tools, although it will be readily apparent that the number of such abutting fingers may be varied at will ;(4) the number of fingers maybe varied by replacement of ring 16' with another ring having more or less than six fingers; (5) the relative positions of pins 19 upon fingers 11 may be changed; (6) the geometric shapes of either or both bore 62 and pin 64 may be altered; or-(7) any combination or combinations at will maybe employed. Such ready variation allows for. the

- sleeve 69 is formed with groove'l5 defined by inner and outer flanges, the latter will serve as an effective picking preventive, the size of groove being limited and the outer flange serving as an abutment for the ends of fingers 11 should the latter be flexed outwardly too far by pressure of a picking tool upon any of pins 19 to the limit possible and beyond proper positioning of the finger ends beyond groove 15. Of course, any changes of contour of either or both bore 62 and pin 64 may be accompanied by accommodating changes to the key. Pin 64 may be eliminated and/or other impediments such as wards employed, although in the interest of simplified unidirectional movement of the key, I prefer to employ smooth guides.

Since pins 19 are readily adjustable, an important feature of the structure and arrangement resides in the fact that the operating combination of the fingers may be varied to accommodate a particular key. Thus, should it become necessary to replace the key for any reason, it is only necessary to vary the positions of pins 19 to cause fingers 11 to properly respond to the bitting of the new key. This eliminates the present requirement in conventional tumbler locks of accurate bitting of a new key involving considerable skill and renders key fitting a considerably less time consuming problem than heretofore. Obviously, a plurality of my devices employed in the various doors about a dwelling house may be readily arranged to respond to one particular key irrespective of the bitting combination. At the same time, inaccuracies in key manufacture may be readily compensated for by this arrangement thereby reducing the present requirement of accurate key bitting to certain set combinations and minimizing the necessity for manufacturing precision causing a substantial saving in this phase of lock manufacture.

Inasmuch as the key is tubular and its length maybe varied, the cylindrical unbitted regular portion thereof may be employed for the application of identifying or advertising indicia imposed by stamping, pressing, engraving or in any other preferred or desired manner.

Thus, I have disclosed an operative preferred embodiment of my invention having the attributes enumerated in the introductory portion of this description.

As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, numerous changes may be made in my preferred embodiment within the spirit and scope of the appended claims and I, therefore, do not desire to be limited to the precise disclosure.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A lock for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, a rollback on said spindle and cooperating with said bolt member, knobs associated with said spindle for imparting rotation thereto, a portion of the spindle normally projecting through one of said knobs, one of said knobs having slidable connection with said spindle with the other having fixed connection therewith, cooperative means associated with said rollback and bolt member disposable in cooperative relationship to, prevent retraction of said bolt member upon reciprocation of said spindle by movement of its fixed knob or by force to the projecting portion of said spindle protruding from a portion of the other of said knobs, means to prevent reverse reciprocation of said spindle to release;

said bolt member for operation by rotation of either knob, means associated with said fixed knob capable of releasing said spindle for reciprocation and rotation, and key-operable means accessible through the other knob to effect similar release.

2. A look for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, a rollback on said spindle and cooperating with said bolt member, knobs associated with said spindle for imparting rotation thereto, a portion of the spindle normally projecting through one of said knobs, one of said knobs having slidable connection with saidspindle with the other having fixed connection therewith, cooperative means associated with said rollback and bolt member disposable in cooperative relationship to prevent retraction of said bolt member upon reciprocation of said,

means ineffective thereby permitting retraction of said bolt member responsive to rotation 01 either of said knobs.

3. A look for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, a rollback on said spindle and cooperating with said bolt member, knobs associated with said spindle for imparting rotation thereto, a

portion of the spindle normally projecting through one of said knobs, one of said knobs,

having slidable connection with said spindle with the other having fixed connection therewith, cooperative means associated with said rollback and bolt member disposable in cooperative rela tionship to prevent retraction of said bolt mem- \j ber upon reciprocation of said spindle by movement of its fixed knob or by force to the projecting portion of said spindle protruding from a portion of the other of said knobs, releasable blocking elements movable to restrain return reciprocation preventing position of said spindle, and key operable means effective to release said blocking elements.

4. A lock for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, a rollback on said spindle and cooperating with said bolt member, knobs associated with said spindle for imparting rotation thereto, one of said knobs having slidable connection with said spindle with the other having fixed connection therewith, cooperative means associated with said rollback and bolt member disposable in cooperative relationship to prevent retraction of said bolt member upon reciprocation of said spindle by movement of said fixed knob or by force to a portion of said spindle protruding from a portion of the other of said knobs, releasable blocking elements comprising spring fingers carried by said spindle and normally held in inoperative disposition but responsive to reciprocation of said spindle to effect return reciprocation of said spindle thereby causing said cooperating means to prevent retraction of said bolt member, means normally urging said spindle in return reciprocation direction, and manually operable means associated with said fixed knob and effective to cause said fingers to assume nonblocking positions thereby permitting said spindle to be reciprccated by said urging means to cause dissociation of said cooperating means whereupon said bolt member may be released by rotation of either knob.

5. A look for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, a rollback on said spindle and cooperat ing with said bolt member, knobs associated with said'spindle for imparting rotation thereto, one of said knobs having slidable connection with said spindle with the other having fixed connection therewith, cooperative means associated with said rollback and bolt member disposable in cooperative relationship to prevent retraction of said bolt member upon reciprocation of said spindle by movement of said fixed knob or by force to a portion of said spindle protruding from a portion of the other of said knobs, releasable blocking elements comprising spring fingers carried by said spindle and normally held in inoperative disposition but responsive to reciprocation of said spindle to effect return reciprocation of said spindle thereby causing said cooperating means to prevent retraction of, said bolt member, means normally urging said spindle in return reciprocation direction, and key operable means adapted to arrange said fingers in non-blocking condition whereby said spindle may be reciprocated in response to said urging means thereby effecting release of said cooperating means and freeing said bolt member for operation responsive tov rotation of either .knob.

6. A lock for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rofingers carried by said spindle and normally held ininoperative disposition but responsive to reciprocation of said spindle toeffect return reciprocation of said spindle thereby causing said cooperating means to prevent retraction of said bolt member, means normally urging said spindle in return reciprocation direction, manually operable means associated with said fixed knob and effective to cause said fingers to assume nonblockingpositions thereby permitting said spindle tobe reciprocated by said urging means to cause dissociation of said cooperating means .whereupon saidbolt member may be released by rotation of either knob, and key operable means effective to alternatively cause said fingers to assume non-blocking position to effect similar release of said bolt member.

7. A look for a closure comprising a normally projected bolt member, means for retracting said bolt member including a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, a rollback on said spindle and cooperating with said bolt member, knobs associated with said spindle for imparting rotation theerto, one of said knobs having slidable connection with said spindle with the other having fixed connection therewith, cooperative means associated with said rollback and bolt member disposable in cooperative relationship to prevent retraction of said bolt member upon reciprocation of said spindle by movement of said fixed knob or by force to a portion of said spindle protruding froma portion of the other of said knobs, releasable blocking elements comprising spring fingers carried by said spindle and normally held in inoperative disposition but responsive to reciprocation of .said spindle to effect return reciprocation of said spindle thereby causing said cooperating means to prevent retraction of said bolt member, means normally urging said spindle in return reciprocation direction, key operable means adapted to arrange said fingers in nonblocking condition whereby said spindle. may be reciprocated in response to said urging means thereby effecting release of said cooperating means and freeing said bolt member for operation responsive to rotation of either knob, and means for adjusting said key operable means'to vary the releasing movement necessary as desired to effect non-blocking disposition of said fingers.

8. In a lock of the class described,'a reciprocatoryuand rotary spindle, an inside and voutside knob-arranged at the ends of said spindle, means associated with said spindleito prevent rotation thereof, means associated with said spindle .permitting reciprocation thereof to prevent rotation thereof but preventing return reciprocation thereof to release said spindle for rotation, and manually operable means accessible from the inside end of said spindle to release said spindle'return reciprocation preventing means.

9.In a lock of the class described, an axially shiftable and rotary spindle, a knob associated therewith at each end, means associated with said spindle adapted to prevent rotation of said spindie upon axial shift of said spindle, means normally opposing said shifting of said spindle, means responsive to axial shift of said spindle for overcoming said shift opposing means'to block the return shifting eifectof said opposing means, and means operable from either" end of said spindle to effect release of said blocking means, whereby said spindle may be shiftedto assume a position permitting rotation thereof.

10. In a knob look, a supporting sleeve, an axially shiftable spindle carried bysaid sleeve, said sleeve having an aixally directed groove in one end thereof defined by concentric flanges one of which embraces said spindle and presents an end edge, a plurality of spring fingers carried by said spindle upon its periphery and movable therewith, the free ends of said fingers normally seating in said groove, certain of said fingers being normally urged to contact the periphery of said spindle, whereby upon shift of said spindle and exit of the free ends of said certain fingers from said groove, said ends will be sprung to contact said spindle periphery and'thereby assume a position in oppositionto said sleeve end edge whereby return shift of said spindle is precluded radially inwardly directed adjustable pins carried by said certain fingers having their free ends disposed in a bore in said spindle whereby said "shift of said spindle, and a peripheral sleeve carried by said spindle and disposed between said fingers and sleeve and shiftable axially along said sleeveto engage said certain fingers independently of said pins to return said displaced finger ends to alignment with said sleeve groove thereby allowing return shift of said spindle.

- 11. In a knob look, a supporting sleeve, an axially shiftable spindle carried by said sleeve, said sleeve having an axially directed groove in one end thereof defined by concentric flanges one of which embraces said spindle and presents an end edge, a plurality of spring fingers carried by said spindle upon its periphery and movable therewith, the free ends of said fingers normally seating in said groove, certain of said fingers being normally urged to contact the periphery of said spindle, whereby upon shift of said spindle and exit of the free ends of said certain fingers from said groove, said ends will be sprung to contact said spindle periphery and thereby assume a position in opposition to said sleeve end edge whereby return shift of said spindle is precluded, radially inwardly directed adjustable pins carried by said certain fingers having their free ends disposed in a bore in said spindle, an axially extending drill pin in said spindle bore, adapted to receive a key means disposable in said bore and upon said pin comprising a tubular sleeve first receivable in said bore and then upon said pin, and having a plurality of reduced portions adapted to engage said radial pins to urge them radially outwardly sufiiciently to cause said certain fingers to be sprung outwardly in alignment with said groove whereby return shift of said spindle may be accomplished.

12. Ina look, a cylinder sleeve having an axially directed ledge, an axially reciprocable sleeved member slidable in said sleeve, a plurality of radially movable elements carried by said sleeved member normally seated upon said ledge and urged radially toward said sleeved member whereby to permit unseating of said elements upon reciprocation of said sleeved member to assume positions in opposition to the ledge edge next adjacent the external periphery of said sleeved member, and means associated with said elements and extending inwardly of said sleeved member and protruding beyond the internal periphery of said sleeved member to be engaged by a key insertable into said sleeved member to cause said elements to be displaced radially outwardly and out of opposition with said ledge edge to permit reseating of said elements upon said ledge.

13. In a look, a bearing sleeve, a shiftable mem ber arranged in said sleeve, blocking means carried by said member for engagement with said sleeve to block movement of said member in one direction, said means comprising radially movable elements normally inaccessible from the exterior of said member, a key receiving way in said memher, and radially directed elements having adjustable connection with said movable elements and extending into said way for engagement by a key to shift said movable elements to ineffective position;

14. A locking device comprising a pair of concentrically disposed relatively shiftable sleeves,

one of said sleeves projecting axially beyond the other, an abutment on one sleeve, a plurality of locking elements on the projecting end of the other sleeve shiftable radially for engagement with the abutment to prevent relative movement or.

the sleeves in one direction, and means accessible in one of said sleeves for communicating radial movement to said blocking elements to allow movement of said sleeves in the said direction.

15. A locking mechanism comprising a bearing sleeve, an axially shiftable shaft carried by said sleeve and terminating in an extension beyond said sleeve, an abutment on said sleeve in the direction of the extended portion of said shaft, means normally urging said shaft toward said abutment, a plurality of peripherally spaced axially directed radially shiftable tumblers arranged to engage said abutment to preclude axial shift of said shaft in one direction, a key-way in said shaft, and radially inwardly directed elements associated with said tumblers and extending into said key-way whereby a key inserted in said keyway will impart radial movement to said tumblers away from said abutment to allow said shaft to shift in the said direction.

16. A locking mechanism comprising a bearing sleeve, an axially shiftable shaft carried by said sleeve and terminating in an extension beyond said sleeve, an abutment on said sleeve in the direction of the extended portion of said shaft, means normally urging said shaft toward said abutment, a plurality of axially directed tumblers carried by the external periphery of said extending portion of said shaft and having shiftable parts adapted to engage said abutment, a key-way in said shaft, and pins on said tumblers extending into said key-way for access to a key whereby said tumblers may be shifted out of abutment engaging condition thereby freeing said shaft for movement of the extending shaft portion toward said sleeve.

17. A locking mechanism comprising a bearing sleeve, an axially shiftable shaft carried by said sleeve and terminating in an extension beyond said sleeve, an abutment on said sleeve in the direction of the extended portion of said shaft, means normally urging said shaft toward said abutment, a plurality of axially directed tumblers carried by the external periphery of said extending portion of said shaft and having shiftable parts adapted to engage said abutment, a keyway in said shaft, pins associated with said tumblers for extension into said key-way for access to a key to impart radial shift to said tumblers, and adjustable connections between said pins and tumblers whereby the combination necessary to shift said tumblers may be readily varied.

18. For a lock mechanism, a resilient tumbler, and a key engaging part having adjustable association therewith to provide for variation of throw necessary to render the tumbler ineffective in its blocking function.

19. For a lock mechanism, a flexible tumbler adapted for securing at one end and free movement at the other end, and adjustable key engaging means associated thercwith for transmitting fiexing force of a key to the tumbler, said adjustment providing for ready variation of the key contour which may be predetermined.

20. For a lock mechanism, a flexible tumbler adapted for anchoring at a portion thereof, and a key-engageable pin having adjustable connection with said tumbler at a freely movable portion thereof, the pin being axially adjustable to accommodate predetermined key contours.

;21. A lock of theclassdescribed comprising a reciprocatory and rotary spindle, with which said spindle is movably connected, an inside knob nonmovably connected to said spindle, means controllable by movement of said spindle to provide for reciprocation of said spindle relative to said outside knob and restraining return reciprocation,

. and means within said inside knob adapted to efspindle and extending into saidinside knob adapted to render said restraining means inefiectiveand thereby release said spindle.

23. 'A lock of the class described comprisinga reciprocatory and rotary spindle, with which said spindle is movably connected, an inside knob non-movably connected to said spindle, means controllable by movement of said spindle toprovide for reciprocation of said spindle relative to said outside knob and restraining return reciprocation, and a shiftable plunger normally urged to ineffective position disposed within said spindle and protruding intorbut encased by said inside knob having means for cooperating with said restraining means to effect release thereof from the inner side of said lock.

LEWIS J. WI-IITNEY. 

